Забавный пример из теории игорей)
http://gametheory.cs.ubc.ca/tcpbackoff?
Internet traffic is governed by the TCP protocol. When the protocol is correctly implemented, it includes a “backoff mechanism”: if the rates at which a sender sends information packets into the network causes congestion, the sender reduces this rate for a while until the congestion subsides. A defective implementation of TCP does not back off when congestion occurs. Imagine that you and a colleague are the only people using the internet. You each have two possible strategies: C (using a correct implementation) and D (using a defective one). If both you and your colleague adopt C then you will both experience an average packet delay of 1 ms. If you both adopt D you will both experience a delay of 3 ms, because you will both experience more lost packets. If one of you adopts D and the other adopts C then the D adopter will experience no delay at all, and the C adopter will experience a delay of 4 ms. Of course, both you and your colleague want to minimize these delays.