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When there is no positive feedback for an existing mapping after some
time (see the /proc interfaces below), a neighbor cache entry is
considered stale. Positive feedback can be gotten from a higher
layer; for example from a successful TCP ACK. Other protocols can
signal forward progress using the MSG_CONFIRM flag to sendmsg(2).
When there is no forward progress, ARP tries to reprobe. It first
tries to ask a local arp daemon app_solicit times for an updated MAC
address. If that fails and an old MAC address is known, a unicast
probe is sent ucast_solicit times. If that fails too, it will
broadcast a new ARP request to the network. Requests are sent only
when there is data queued for sending.
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