Метод Math.random() возвращает псевдослучайное число с плавающей запятой из диапазона [0, 1), то есть, от 0 (включительно) до 1 (но не включая 1), которое затем можно отмасштабировать до нужного диапазона. Реализация сама выбирает начальное зерно для алгоритма генерации случайных чисел; оно не может быть выбрано или сброшено пользователем.

A biordered set ("boset") is a mathematical object that occurs in the description of the structure of the set of idempotents in a semigroup. The concept and the terminology were developed by K S S Nambooripad in the early 1970s. The defining properties of a biordered set are expressed in terms of two quasiorders defined on the set and hence the name biordered set. Patrick Jordan, while a master's student at University of Sydney, introduced in 2002 the term boset as an abbreviation of biordered set.

property of certain operations in mathematics and computer science, that can be applied multiple times without changing the result beyond the initial application

in programming, function that does not interact with global state

A finite-state machine (FSM) or finite-state automaton (FSA, plural: automata), finite automaton, or simply a state machine, is a mathematical model of computation. It is an abstract machine that can be in exactly one of a finite number of states at any given time. The FSM can change from one state to another in response to some inputs; the change from one state to another is called a transition. An FSM is defined by a list of its states, its initial state, and the inputs that trigger each transition. Finite-state machines are of two types—deterministic finite-state machines and non-deterministic finite-state machines. A deterministic finite-state machine can be constructed equivalent to any non-deterministic one.