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Марксизм и критическая теория (Marxism and critical theory)

2018 April 21
Марксизм и критическая теория (Marxism and critical theory)
Filip Novokmet, Thomas Piketty, Gabriel Zucman - From Soviets to Oligarchs: Inequality and Property in Russia 1905-2016

This paper combines national accounts, survey, wealth and fiscal data (including recently released tax data on high-income taxpayers) in order to provide consistent series on the accumulation and distribution of income and wealth in Russia from the Soviet period until the present day. We find that official survey-based measures vastly under-estimate the rise of inequality since 1990. According to our benchmark estimates, top income shares are now similar to (or higher than) the levels observed in the United States. We also find that inequality has increased substantially more in Russia than in China and other ex-communist countries in Eastern Europe. We relate this finding to the specific transition strategy followed in Russia. According to our benchmark estimates, the wealth held offshore by rich Russians is about three times larger than official net foreign reserves, and is comparable in magnitude to total household financial assets held in Russia.

http://wid.world/document/soviets-oligarchs-inequality-property-russia-1905-2016/
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2018 April 22
Марксизм и критическая теория (Marxism and critical theory)
Christian Fuchs: Internet and Class Struggle
Interviewed by Benjamin Bürbaumer

On the one hand, there are techno-euphoric authors who say social media cause revolutions and uprisings. This is a one-dimensional and techno-deterministic argumentation. On the other hand, radical theorists such as David Harvey, Noam Chomsky or Slavoj Žižek completely dismiss the role of digital media in revolutions and say that it is bodies on the streets that matter. All of this is speculative. We need Marxist empirical sociology to answer the question what the role of digital and social media is in social movements.

http://www.historicalmaterialism.org/node/963
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2018 April 23
Марксизм и критическая теория (Marxism and critical theory)
Alyssa Battistoni - Toward Cyborg Socialism

The first Earth Day was April 22, 1970. It was also Lenin’s hundredth birthday. The coincidence was not intentional.
In fact, part of the point of Earth Day was to distance the nascent environmentalist movement from New Left critiques of consumer society, suburban development, and nuclear waste. In an attempt to avoid charges of “watermelon” politics — green on the outside, red on the inside the message of the early environmental movement, as one Greenpeace slogan explicitly stated, was “I’m not a Red, I’m a Green.” As environmentalism went mainstream, green nonprofits grew rich and powerful on corporate donations and adopted conciliatory strategies aimed at greening the world one brand name at a time.

https://www.jacobinmag.com/2014/01/toward-cyborg-socialism
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2018 April 24
Марксизм и критическая теория (Marxism and critical theory)
Статья Габриэля Тамаша об очередной победе правопопулистской партии ФИДЕС Виктора Орбана в Венгрии

The elections were farcical. Citizens largely received their information from Orbán’s formidable propaganda machine (the media is mostly in the hands of his far-right apparat), with a minority getting their facts from invective-filled anti-Orbán websites (more amusing than persuasive) and from communiqués issued by the squabbling and ineffective opposition parties.

https://www.jacobinmag.com/2018/04/viktor-orban-hungary-elections-enlightenment
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2018 April 26
Марксизм и критическая теория (Marxism and critical theory)
Книга Кристиана Марацци - Capital and Language.
From the New Economy to the War Economy

Capital and Language takes as its starting point the fact that the extreme volatility of financial markets is generally attributed to the discrepancy between the "real economy" and the more speculative monetary-financial economy. But this distinction has long ceased to apply in the postfordist New Economy, in which both spheres are structurally affected by language and communication. Marazzi argues that the changes in financial markets and the transformation of labor into immaterial labor (that is, its reliance on abstract knowledge, general intellect, and social cooperation) are just two sides of the same coin. Capital and Language focuses on the causes behind the international economic and financial depression of 2001, and on the primary instrument that the U.S. government has since been using to face them: war. Marazzi points to capitalism's fourth stage (after mercantilism, industrialism, and the postfordist culmination of the New Economy): the "War Economy" that is already upon us. Marazzi offers a radical new understanding of the current international economic stage and crucial post-Marxist guidance for confronting capitalism in its newest form.
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Марксизм и критическая теория (Marxism and critical theory)
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2018 April 27
Марксизм и критическая теория (Marxism and critical theory)
Комментарии Ж. Рансьера, Э. Балибара и А. Негри о забастовке железнодорожников во Франции

Railworkers engaged in the rolling strike action in the area to the north of Paris asked Jacques Rancière, Еtienne Balibar and Antonio Negri to answer a few questions connected with the current struggle against the rail reform and the meaning of solidarity.

https://www.versobooks.com/blogs/3755-jacques-ranciere-replies-to-striking-railworkers  

https://www.versobooks.com/blogs/3764-etienne-balibar-replies-to-striking-railworkers

https://www.versobooks.com/blogs/3767-antonio-negri-replies-to-striking-railworkers
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2018 April 28
Марксизм и критическая теория (Marxism and critical theory)
Soma Marik - The Revolutionary Democracy of 1917

For almost a century, most commentators have agreed that the October Revolution represented an undemocratic seizure of state power. Instead of allowing liberal democracy to grow after February, the Bolsheviks moved rapidly to take control.
But how democratic was Russian liberalism in 1917? Were alternative forms of democratic participation structured through soviets, factory committees, peasant land committees, and other bodies available? Against the mainstream consensus, the history of the Russian Revolution suggests that rather from being anti-democratic, the Bolsheviks supported the most radical democratic forces of their time against the attempts of liberals to constrain those forces.

https://jacobinmag.com/2018/04/1917-russian-revolution-democracy-bolsheviks
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Марксизм и критическая теория (Marxism and critical theory)
Mitchell Abidor - 1968: When the Communist Party Stopped a French Revolution

For fifty years, the events of May–June 1968 in France have had a collective hero: the striking students and workers who occupied their factories and universities and high schools. They’ve also had a collective villain, one within the same camp: the French Communist Party (PCF) and its allied labor union organization, the Confédération Générale du Travail (CGT), which together did all they could to put a brake on a potential revolution, blocking the students and workers from uniting or even fraternizing.

https://www.nybooks.com/daily/2018/04/19/1968-when-the-communist-party-stopped-a-french-revolution/
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Марксизм и критическая теория (Marxism and critical theory)
«Take the city!»: Lotta Continua

Lotta Continua (LC) was  possibly the most unique and one of the most interesting leftist organizations to emerge in Italy in the late 1960s. Contemporary observers always had trouble classifying it, since it didn’t seem to belong to any pre-existing tendency or have any counterparts outside of Italy.  LC was hard to place, especially for observers outside of Italy, because it emerged out a uniquely Italian tendency of Marxist thought.

https://theweaponofcriticsm.wordpress.com/2014/07/02/take-the-city-lotta-continua/
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2018 April 29
Марксизм и критическая теория (Marxism and critical theory)
Sergio Bologna - Money and Crisis: Marx as Correspondent of the New York Daily Tribune, 1856-57

Editorial Note: This article was written in 1973. It was a key article in developing the theoretical base of the newly emerging politics of working-class autonomy.

At the beginning of 1855, in a series of articles in the Neuer Oder Zeitung (11, 12, 20 and 25 January and in successive articles in the following months) Marx confronted the problem of cyclical crises and questions related to the British banking reforms of 1844. Already there were signs of the coming world recession of 1856-58 and it was urgent to set about analysing its causes.

https://operaismoinenglish.wordpress.com/2012/05/17/money-and-crisis-marx-as-correspondent-of-the-new-york-daily-tribune-1856-57-sergio-bologna/
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Марксизм и критическая теория (Marxism and critical theory)
Thomas Fazi, William Mitchell - Why the Left Should Embrace Brexit

Remainers claim that Brexit will be an economic apocalypse. But it provides the opportunity for a radical break with neoliberalism.

Nothing better reflects the muddled thinking of the mainstream European left than its stance on Brexit. Each week seems to produce a new chapter for the Brexit scare story: withdrawing from the EU will be an economic disaster for the UK; tens of thousands of jobs will be lost; human rights will be eviscerated; the principles of fair trials, free speech, and decent labor standards will all be compromised. In short, Brexit will transform Britain into a dystopia, a failed state or worse, an international pariah cut off from the civilized world.

https://www.jacobinmag.com/2018/04/brexit-labour-party-socialist-left-corbyn
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2018 April 30
Марксизм и критическая теория (Marxism and critical theory)
Сборник статей Анри Лефевра - State, space, world: selected essays

Making the political aspect of Lefebvre's work available in English for the first time, this book contains essays on philosophy, political theory, state formation, spatial planning, and globalization, as well as provocative reflections on the possibilities and limits of grassroots democracy under advanced capitalism.
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Марксизм и критическая теория (Marxism and critical theory)
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2018 May 01
Марксизм и критическая теория (Marxism and critical theory)
Eric Blanc - Arizona Versus the Privatizers

Arizona has long been ground zero for school privatization. Striking educators now have a chance to turn back the tide.
Arizona is the epicenter of a nationwide struggle over school privatization. Over the past two decades, the arch-conservative billionaire Koch brothers and the American Legislative Exchange Council (ALEC) have spent millions financing efforts to decimate Arizona’s public education system for the benefit of big business.

https://jacobinmag.com/2018/04/arizona-teachers-strike-charter-schools-privatization
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Марксизм и критическая теория (Marxism and critical theory)
Yanis Varoufakis - Liberal Totalitarianism

It used to be an axiom of liberalism that freedom meant inalienable self-ownership. But liberal individualism seems to have been defeated by a totalitarianism that grew out of its own success at legitimizing the encroachment of branding and commodification into our personal space.

“Once brands acquired personalities (boosting consumer loyalty immensely and profits accordingly), individuals felt compelled to re-imagine themselves as brands. And today, with colleagues, employers, clients, detractors, and “friends” constantly surveying our online life, we are under incessant pressure to evolve into a bundle of activities, images, and dispositions that amounts to an attractive, sellable brand. The personal space essential to the autonomous development of an authentic self – the condition that makes inalienable self-ownership possible – is now almost gone. The habitat of liberalism is disappearing.”

https://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/liberal-totalitarianism-no-autonomy-by-yanis-varoufakis-2018-04
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2018 May 02
Марксизм и критическая теория (Marxism and critical theory)
Италия: Кризис левой идентичности

Сейчас проблема идентификации  является общей для всех социал-демократических партий в Западной Европе после десятилетий правления. Также верно и то, что в Италии эта проблема особенно актуальна по двум причинам. Прежде всего потому, что с 60-х годов прошлого века подавляющее большинство средств массовой информации, искусства, кино, журналистики, издательства, литературы, то есть культурного аппарата страны с обширной сетью отношений, признаны левыми.

http://rabkor.ru/columns/editorial-columns/2018/05/01/italy-2/
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Марксизм и критическая теория (Marxism and critical theory)
Mitchell Abidor - Remembering May

In May 1968, a wave of protests, demonstrations, and strikes engulfed France. At one point, over nine million workers were on strike, bringing the country to a standstill. Social roles were challenged, politics re-imagined, and new voices heard. For the fiftieth anniversary of those events we reproduce two oral histories from a new collection by Mitchell Abidor, May Made Me, now available from AK Press and Pluto Press.

https://www.viewpointmag.com/2018/05/02/remembering-may/
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2018 May 03
Марксизм и критическая теория (Marxism and critical theory)
Branco Marcetic - Here’s Who the Democrats Want You to Vote for This November

Millionaires, mediocrities and militarists — a sneak preview of the Democratic Party’s new fall lineup.

So what can the party’s voters expect if these lucky individuals are voted in? The list much like the party’s picks in general tends towards military veterans and former officials, particularly if they happen to be business owners, wealthy, and well-connected. Here’s a brief rundown of some of the more notable names on the list.

https://www.jacobinmag.com/2018/04/democratic-party-red-to-blue-list-candidates
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2018 May 04
Марксизм и критическая теория (Marxism and critical theory)
Bruce Robbins - Perry Anderson’s Long Goodbye

In the absence of revolution, Perry Anderson embraces realism.
Perry Anderson has published two new books on Gramsci and hegemony, the term that has come to stand as the capstone of the latter’s political theory. The first, a long essay on Gramsci originally published in 1976 in the New Left Review, emphasizes the importance of hegemony to the revolutionary Marxist tradition of Lenin and company, from which Gramsci borrowed the concept and to which, Anderson argues, he remained more loyal than his modern admirers want to think. The second book, pulling back from the specifics of Gramsci’s thought, takes a more expansive view: It begins with Herodotus and Thucydides, spends some time on Confucian theories of wise rule, returns to Lenin and Gramsci, and carries the story forward to take in newer Gramscians like Stuart Hall, Ernesto Laclau, Chantal Mouffe, and more recent theorists of international relations. In both books, Anderson’s implicit subject is not so much what the left would have to do in order to lead that was Gramsci’s great and perhaps tragic theme but rather whether it even makes sense anymore to bother oneself with that question.

https://www.thenation.com/article/perry-anderson-the-long-goodbye/
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