вторая ссылка в гугле дает нам это
Mailboxes are definitely thread safe in the sense that multiple threads cannot write to a mailbox "at the same time" because mailboxes are robustly synchronised at the operating system level. One thread will always "win" the race.
As others have mentioned, mailbox I/O is, by default, end-to-end synchronous. That is, the writer will wait for the message to be read before proceeding. This may have an effect on threading, as a thread may block on a mailbox write. If that prevents another thread from reading the mailbox, you could have a deadlock (depends on your threading mechanism being capable of switching threads during an OS level I/O stall).
You may not have control over mailbox read behaviour when do a device independent/blind I/O. If you access a mailbox explicitly, you can do asynch I/O.