A Montréal neurosurgeon makes ground-breaking advances in the treatment of seizure disorders (1934).For more information about Wilder Penfield, visit: http:/...

Leopold Arko, M.D.,1 Eric Quach, B.S.,2 Vishad Sukul, M.D.,1 Anuj Desai, B.S.,2 Kelly Gassie, B.S.,3 and Kadir Erkmen, M.D.1,2
1Department of Neurosurgery, Temple University Hospital, and 2Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and 3Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee

We present surgical clipping of a giant middle cerebral artery aneurysm.  The patient is a 64 year old woman who suffered subarachnoid hemorrhage in 2005.  She was treated with coiling of the aneurysm at an outside institution.  She presented to our clinic with headaches and was found on angiography to have giant recurrence of the aneurysm.  To allow adequate exposure for clipping, we performed the surgery through a cranio-orbito-zygomatic (COZ) skull base approach, which is demonstrated.  The surgery was performed in an operating room/angiography hybrid suite allowing for high quality intraoperative angiography.  The technique and room flow are also demonstrated.

#💉 Immunotherapy is the future of #cancer treatment. 💪🏽💪🏽💪🏽 • This is not a plug for Keytruda (a checkpoint inhibitor, one type of immunotherapy), but because of the remarkable results in some patients with this approach, today many oncologists do currently see the cancer therapy landscape in binary terms: 1) checkpoint inhibitors and 2) everything else. • But around 80% of patients won’t respond to this class of therapy and many, if not most, will also have untoward autoimmune side effects. • So, there is plenty of room for improvement in the field... overcoming adaptive resistance in the tumor microenvironment, determining rational drug combinations, optimizing drug delivery, further understanding of and the relationship between the myriad checkpoint receptors, and optimizing safety. • There are a few checkpoint inhibitor trials for #glioblastoma and based on preliminary results interest is increasing... but it is still early days. I would suggest contacting @endbraincancer to receive the latest information on available trials. • The approved checkpoint inhibitors are pembrolizumab (Keytruda), nivolumab (Opdivo), ipilimumab (Yervoy), durvalumab (Imfinzi), avelumab (Bavencio), and atezolizumab (Tecentriq). • #cancerresearch #biotechnology #instascience #science #immunology #biology #medicine #premed #gradschool #nursing #entrepreneur #biotech #startup #startuplife #startupgrind #sciencemedicinestartups 🧠